Impact of muscle strengthening on joint strength in tae kwon do athletes / Impactos do fortalecimento muscular sobre a força articular nos atletas de tae kwon do / Impacto del fortalecimiento muscular en la fuerza de las articulaciones en atletas de tae kwon do

ABSTRACT Introduction: Taekwondo athletes' knee flexor and extensor muscle groups reveal the joint's biomechanical characteristics when tested and may suggest a direction for individual strength training in Tae Kwon Do athletes. Objective: Evaluate the impact of muscle strengthening on joint strength in Tae Kwon Do athletes. Methods: The study was conducted through a literature review, experimental test, and logical analysis. Results: The strength of the flexion muscle group in Taekwondo athletes was significantly higher than that of extension. The flexion-extension ratio is high. This characteristic may be related to the athletes' habit of supporting body weight with the left leg and attacking with the right leg. Conclusion: Strength training of the knee flexors is indicated for Tae Kwon Do athletes, balancing the muscular balance by raising the flexor fatigue index close to that of the extensors, improving the strength and endurance of the knee flexor muscles. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: Os grupos musculares flexores e extensores do joelho dos atletas de taekwondo revelam as características biomecânicas da articulação ao serem testados, podendo sugerir um direcionamento para o treinamento de força individual nos atletas de Tae Kwon Do. Objetivo: Avaliar os impactos do fortalecimento muscular sobre a força articular nos atletas de Tae Kwon Do. Métodos: O estudo foi conduzido pelos métodos de análise literária, teste experimental e análise lógica. Resultados: A força do grupo muscular da flexão em atletas de Taekwondo foi significativamente maior do que a da extensão, a relação flexão-extensão é elevada. Esta característica pode estar relacionada ao hábito dos atletas suportarem o peso corporal com a perna esquerda e atacar com a perna direita. Conclusão: O reforço com o treinamento de força nos flexores do joelho é indicado aos atletas de Tae Kwon Do, equilibrando o balanço muscular ao elevar o índice de fadiga dos flexores próximo ao dos extensores, aprimorando a força e a resistência dos músculos flexores do joelho. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: Los grupos musculares flexores y extensores de la rodilla de los atletas de Taekwondo revelan las características biomecánicas de la articulación cuando se someten a prueba, y pueden sugerir una dirección para el entrenamiento de fuerza individual en los atletas de Tae Kwon Do. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto del fortalecimiento muscular sobre la fuerza articular en atletas de Tae Kwon Do. Métodos: El estudio se llevó a cabo mediante los métodos de análisis bibliográfico, prueba experimental y análisis lógico. Resultados: La fuerza del grupo muscular de la flexión en los atletas de taekwondo fue significativamente mayor que la de la extensión, la relación flexión-extensión es alta. Esta característica puede estar relacionada con el hábito de los atletas de apoyar el peso del cuerpo con la pierna izquierda y atacar con la pierna derecha. Conclusión: El entrenamiento de fuerza de los flexores de la rodilla está indicado para los atletas de Tae Kwon Do, equilibrando el balance muscular al elevar el índice de fatiga de los flexores cerca del de los extensores, mejorando la fuerza y la resistencia de los músculos flexores de la rodilla. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Dental anxiety and its influencing factors among pregnant women in Shanghai / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To investigate the incidence of dental anxiety in pregnant women and its influencing factors. @*Methods @# A total of 2 638 pregnant women in Shanghai were included in this study. Data on demographic and social factors, oral health behaviors and the number of teeth were collected. Participants completed the modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS), and an MDAS score greater than 12 was defined as a dental anxiety disorder. An electronic data capture system (EDC) was used to establish a database, and SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the degree of anxiety and its influencing factors.@*Results@# A total of 2 638 valid questionnaires were received. The incidence of dental anxiety in pregnant women was 34.9%. The results of a univariate analysis showed that the prevalence of dental anxiety in pregnant women (P<0.001) and MDAS score decreased (P<0.05) with increasing age, annual family income, educational level, frequency of cleaning, frequency of brushing and number of teeth. Conversely, the prevalence of dental anxiety in pregnant women (P<0.05) and MDAS score increased (P<0.05) as the number of pregnancies and gingival bleeding increased. Logistic analysis showed that education level “college” (P = 0.003) and “bachelor and above” (P<0.001), frequency of dental cleaning “semiannually or annually” (P = 0.021) and “biennial” (P<0.001), and frequency of brushing “twice a day” (P<0.001) were significantly associated with dental anxiety in pregnant women and were protective factors (OR<1). The frequency of gingival bleeding “Sometimes”(P<0.001) and the number of teeth “≤ 27” (P<0.001) were also significant risk factors for dental anxiety in pregnant women (OR>1).The results of a negative binomial regression analysis of MDAS showed that the frequency of dental cleaning and the number of teeth were significantly associated with dental anxiety. The frequency of dental cleaning "semiannually or annually" (P<0.001) was a protective factor (OR<1) for pregnant women's dental anxiety. The number of teeth ≤27 (P<0.001) was a risk factor (OR>1) for dental anxiety in pregnant women.@*Conclusion@#Educational level, teeth cleaning frequency, teeth brushing frequency, gingival bleeding, and the number of teeth influence dental anxiety in pregnant women. To effectively reduce the prevalence of dental anxiety, dentists should attach great importance to it in clinical practice and enhance pregnant women's awareness of oral hygiene maintenance by disseminating relevant health care knowledge.

A case-control study:the clinical efficacy of total laminectomy with lateral mass screw fixation and single open-door laminoplasty for cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effects of total laminectomy with lateral mass screw fixation and single open-door laminoplasty in the treatment of cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 75 patients with cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation treated from December 2014 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, including 65 males and 10 females, aged from 33 to 83 years old with an average of (60.1±11.4) years. According to surgical method, the patients were divided into observation group (36 cases) and control group (39 cases). The observation group was treated with C3-C6 single open-door laminoplasty. In the control group, the C3-C6 whole lamina was opened by "uncovering", and the lateral mass screw was fixed and fused. The general conditions including operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay and complications such as axial pain, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, postoperative C5 nerve palsy were recorded. Visual analogue scale(VAS), Nurick pain scale, Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA) scores and American Spinal Injury Association(AISA) injury scale were used to evaluate the improvement of clinical symptoms and related functional recovery 12 months after operation.@*RESULTS@#There were no statistically significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss and hospital stay between two groups(P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in JOA, VAS, ASIA and Nurick scores of the all patients between 12 months after surgery and before surgery (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between groups. There was significant difference in the incidence of C5 nerve root palsy and axial pain between two groups(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the complications of cerebrospinal fluid leakage between two groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Total laminectomy with lateral mass screw fixation and single open-door laminoplasty in treating cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation can obtain satisfactory results in restoring nerve function, alleviating pain and improving daily behavior, but single open-door laminoplasty has the advantages of less trauma and low incidence of complications.

Stereotactic biopsy for lesions in brainstem and deep brain: a single-center experience of 72 cases

Stereotactic biopsies for lesions in the brainstem and deep brain are rare. This study aimed to summarize our 6-year experience in the accurate diagnosis of lesions in the brain stem and deep brain and to discuss the technical note and strategies. From December 2011 to January 2018, 72 cases of intracranial lesions in the brainstem or deep in the lobes undergoing stereotactic biopsy were retrospectively reviewed. An individualized puncture path was designed based on the lesion's location and the image characteristics. The most common biopsy targets were deep in the lobes (43 cases, 59.7%), including frontal lobe (33 cases, 45.8%), temporal lobe (4 cases, 5.6%), parietal lobe (3 cases, 4.2%), and occipital lobe (3 cases, 4.2 %). There were 12 cases (16.7%) of the brainstem, including 8 cases (11.1%) of midbrain, and 4 cases (5.6%) of pons or brachium pontis. Other targets included internal capsule (2 cases, 2.8%), thalamus (3 cases, 4.2%), and basal ganglion (12 cases, 16.7%). As for complications, one patient developed acute intracerebral hemorrhage in the biopsy area at 2 h post-operation, and one patient had delayed intracerebral hemorrhage at 7 days post-operation. The remaining patients recovered well after surgery. There was no surgery-related death. The CT-MRI-guided stereotactic biopsy of lesions in the brainstem or deep in the brain has the advantages of high safety, accurate diagnosis, and low incidence of complications. It plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of atypical, microscopic, diffuse, multiple, and refractory lesions.

Clinical features of influenza with plastic bronchitis in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical features of influenza with plastic bronchitis (PB) in children, and to improve the awareness of the diagnosis and treatment of PB caused by influenza virus.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 70 children with lower respiratory influenza virus infection from October 2018 to October 2019. According to the presence or absence of PB, they were divided into an influenza+PB group with 12 children and a non-PB influenza group with 58 children. Related clinical data were collected for the retrospective analysis, including general information, clinical manifestations, laboratory examination, imaging findings, treatment, and prognosis.@*RESULTS@#In the influenza+PB group, most children experienced disease onset at the age of 1-5 years, with the peak months of January, February, July, and September. Major clinical manifestations in the influenza+PB group included fever, cough, and shortness of breath. The influenza+PB group had significantly higher incidence rates of shortness of breath and allergic diseases such as asthma than the non-PB influenza group (P<0.05). Of the 12 children in the influenza+PB group, 7(58%) had influenza A virus infection and 5 (42%) had influenza B virus infection, among whom 1 had nephrotic syndrome. For the children in the influenza+PB group, major imaging findings included pulmonary consolidation with atelectasis, high-density infiltration, pleural effusion, and mediastinal emphysema. Compared with the non-PB influenza group, the influenza+PB group had a significantly higher proportion of children who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (P<0.05). Bronchoscopic lavage was performed within 1 week after admission, and all children were improved and discharged after anti-infective therapy and symptomatic/supportive treatment.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Influenza with PB tends to have acute onset and rapid progression, and it is important to perform bronchoscopy as early as possible. The possibility of PB should be considered when the presence of shortness of breath, allergic diseases such as asthma or nephrotic syndrome in children with influenza.

Research Progress on Antidepressant Pathway and Active Ingredients of Xiaoyaosan and Its Analogous Prescriptions / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Depression is a psychiatric disease that seriously affects human life in the context of rapid social development and increased living pressure, and brings serious healthproblems and economic burdens to human society.Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history in the treatment of depression, and Xiaoyaosan has been repeatedly confirmed as a classic prescription for the intervention in depression, but its antidepressant mechanism and its active ingredients are still unclear.Through the search of China Knowledge Network(CNKI) and PubMed database, the literature and data on the clinical and mechanism research of Xiaoyaosan and its analogous prescriptions on depression in the past 10 years are systematically sorted out.It is found that Xiaoyao San and its analogous prescriptions are mainly focusing on the following aspects: regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, affecting 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), norepinephrine(NE) neurotransmitters in hippocampus, interfering with inflammatory reaction process, modulating the BDNF/CREB signaling pathway, regulating intestinal flora and gastrointestinal function, regulating endothelial window foramen of hepatic sinus, repairing chronic stress-induced blood-brain barrier permeability, affecting autophagy to reduce neuronal apoptosis, and regulating the leukoplakia-nuclear adrenal gland (LC-NE) system to play an antidepressant role.The main active ingredient including, saikosaponin A which could down-regulate interleukin expression level, saikosaponin D which alleviates HPA axis dysfunction, quercetin which inhibits corticotropin-releasing-factor(CRF) mRNA expression, paeoniflorin which regulates neurotransmitters, and paeoni lactone which inhibits hyperfunction of HPA axis Glycosides, reduce inflammatory cytokines, atractylenolide I, atractylenolide Il, atractylenolide Ill, which could reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA and inhibit NF-κB activated, curcumin which could play the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant roles, L-menthol which could suppress the HPA axis overactivation, liquiritin isoliquiritin which could regulate the monoamine neurotransmitters, and isoliquiritigenin which could inhibit the monoamine oxidase.

Feasibility of school health management model based on Internet technology / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#In order to understand and supervise the current situation of school health in Shanghai, the feasibility of internet-technology (IT) based school health management model is exarnined.@*Methods@#Questionnaire survey, The feasibility analysis of IT based school health management model is discussed.@*Results@#Principal directors from educational departments and health supervision centers more optimistic about the school health supervision model than school teachers(80.0%, 95.5%, 52.0%;73.3%, 90.9%, 55.1%). However, the three departments all in the publishing the information of school health(0, 13.9%, 6.3%).@*Conclusion@#IT based school health management model will become one of the most important supervision methods in the future. School Health management model based on IT is feasible.

Synthesis and Biological Activities of Quercetin Amide Derivatives / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the quercetin amide derivatives and determine their biological activities. METHODS: Quercetin was used as a precursor whose hydroxyl group on 3-C of C ring was modified selectively. Using rutin as raw material, 13 quercetin amide derivatives were obtained by selective protection of benzyl group, Williamson ether reaction, amidation reaction and Pd/C catalytic hydrodebenzylation. The antioxidant activity of 13 target compounds was investigated by DPPH method. In addation, MTT assay was performed to investigate the proliferation-inhibition effects of these quercetin derivatives on the proliferation of human esophageal carcinoma cell line EC109, human esophageal carcinoma cell line EC9706, human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 and mouse melanoma cell line B16-F10. RESULTS: The chemical structures of the target compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and ESI-MS. Antioxidant experiments showed that the values of SC50 of most target compounds were less than or comparable to quercetin, indicating that 3-OH is not an essential group to maintain the antioxidant property of quercetin. Moreover, antitumor activity experiments showed that the anti-tumor activity of quercetin amide derivatives was enhanced. Among them, the inhibition effect of compound 7-13 on EC109 (IC50=10.25 μmol•L-1) was significantly outperformed the parent drug quercetin (IC50=31.884 μmol•L-1) and 5-FU (IC50=41.738 μmol•L-1), which is a very promising novel anti-tumor candidate compound. CONCLUSION: After structural modification of quercetin by chemical methods, the antioxidant activity is comparable to that of quercetin, and the antitumor activity in vitro is significantly enhanced.

Effect of bisacodyl on rats with slow transit constipation

The effect of bisacodyl on the treatment of rats with slow transit constipation (STC) was studied. Forty-five female Wister rats were divided into control group, STC group, and STC bisacodyl group. The immunohistochemical method was used to determine interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and the expression of c-Kit protein. Body mass and the number of defecations were significantly decreased in the STC group compared with the control group on the 100th day after diphenoxylate administration, while dry weight of feces was significantly increased and the intestinal transit time was prolonged. There were significant differences in the number of defecations, dry weight of feces, and intestinal transit time among the three groups. The number of defecations was higher, dry weight of feces was lower, and intestinal transit time was shorter in the STC bisacodyl group compared to the STC group. In addition, ICC basement membrane dissolution occurred in the colon wall of the STC group. The connection between ICC and surrounding cells was destroyed, and the nucleus shrunken to different degrees. Moreover, c-Kit expression in the STC group was significantly lower than the control group. The connection between ICC and surrounding cells in the STC bisacodyl group was significantly stronger than the STC group, and the number of ICC and the expression of c-Kit were increased. Bisacodyl could reduce the severity of STC in rats by increasing the number of ICC and the expression of c-Kit.

Implication of serum steroid receptor coactivator-3 level for lumbar bone mineral density and bone turnover in postmenopausal women / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3) is a member of the steroid receptor coactivator family,and it can promote proliferation and differentiation in human osteoblasts by modulating estrogen receptor activity. Previous studies have reported that allelic variation at the SRC-3 locus is significantly positively correlated with the lumbar bone mineral density in Caucasian men, but the relationship between SRC-3 and bone metabolism in postmenopausal women remains unknown.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the level of serum SRC-3 in postmenopausal women and its association with bone mineral density and bone turnover markers.METHODS: Fifty-five women with postmenopausal osteoporosis and 35 healthy postmenopausal women were recruited, and their serum levels of SRC-3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, osteocalcin and procollagen I N-terminal peptide, beta C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen were detected. The bone mineral density of L1-4 vertebrae and femoral neck were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Serum SRC-3 level in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis was remarkably lower than that in healthy individuals. In addition, the serum SRC-3 level was positively correlated with lumbar bone mineral density, and negatively correlated with procollagen I N-terminal peptide and osteocalcin in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. These results indicate that low serum SRC-3 level may be involved in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis and play a pivotal role in bone turnover.

Effect of Notch signaling and autophagy on MTA induced differentiation of human dental pulp cells in vitro / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# The aim of this study is to investigate the roles of Notch signaling and autophagy on mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) induced differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). @*Methods @#Third molars from healthy human were collected and hDPCs were isolated by a combined digestion of collagenase Ⅰ and dispaseⅡ. Real time PCR were used to test the mRNA expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and dentin sialophoprotein (DSPP) in MTA treated hDPCs in different time (24 h, 3 d and 7 d). The mineralization nodules formed by hDPCs with or without MTA treatment were detected by Von Kossa staining. Expressions of Notch1, Jagged1, Hes1, LC3Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰand p62 in wild type and MTA treated hDPCs were detected by western blotting.@*Results@#MTA extracted in a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL could promote the differentiation of hDPCs. Compared with that of wild type hDPCs, the expressions of Notch1, Hes1, or Jagged1 and p62 (P<0.01) in MTA treated hDPCs were significantly increased. MTA treatment showed inhibition effects on autophagy flux similar to Bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes. @*Conclusion@#MTA could promote hDPCs differentiation with highly relevant in stimulating Notch1-Jagged1-Hes1 signaling and inhibition of autophagy flux.

Influence of physical activity on postpartum weight retention among women, one year after childbirth / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the risk factors affecting the postpartum weight retention among women.Methods Six hundred eight postpartum women were involved to establish a baseline at 42 days of postpartum in Hefei Maternal and Child Health Center of Anhui province.Information regarding pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy and childbirth were obtained from the Maternal Information Management System.Results Women that under study were followed up at 3,6,9,and 12 months after childbirth,with 502,476,469 and 434 available copies of valid data,respectively.Indicators of physical activity were observed.Relationship between postpartum weight retention and physical activities were analyzed by mixed-effect model,together with repeated measure-analysis on related variances.The pre-pregnancy average weight of the study objects was (54.26 ± 8.11) kg,with postpartum average weight retention as (7.83 ± 5.12),(6.58 ± 5.21),(5.10 ± 5.19),(4.07 ±+ 4.96) and (3.43 ±+ 4.98) kg in 42 days,3,6,9,12 months,respectively.Rates of weight retention was significantly different at different times of repeated measures analysis on variance (P＜0.001).Physical activities were also significantly different at different time spans (P＜ 0.001).Results from the mixed-effects model showed that physical activity and postpartum weight retention were statistically associated when adjustments were made on factors as:pre-pregnancy BMI,ways of feeding,mode of delivery and other confounders (P＜0.001) while results from the mixed-effects model showed that these data were stable from step adjustment on confounding factors.Conclusion It seemed that the strength of physical activity play an important role on postpartum weight retention.

Effect of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline on differentiation from pulmonary fibroblast to myofibroblast mediated by Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase pathway / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) can inhibit the differentiation of pulmonary fibroblasts into myofibroblasts by regulating Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase (ROCK) pathway mediated by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Primary culture of pulmonary fibroblasts was performed by trypsinization method. Four generations of pulmonary fibroblasts were divided into control group, TGF-β-induced differentiation group, Y-27632 treatment group, and Ac-SDKP treatment group. The intracellular distributions of ROCK, serum response factor (SRF), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The protein expression of ROCK, SFR, α-SMA, and type I and type III collagen in pulmonary fibroblasts was measured by Western blot. The mRNA expression of ROCK, SFR, and α-SMA was measured by real-time quantitative PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the pulmonary fibroblasts stimulated by TGF-β1 had a lot of α-SMA antibody-labeled myofilaments in parallel or cross arrangement, as observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and the mRNA and protein expression of ROCK, SRF, and α-SMA and protein expression of type I and type III collagen increased significantly after 6, 12, and 24 h of stimulation (P < 0.05). Compared with the TGF-β1-induced differentiation group, the Y-27632 treatment group and Ac-SDKP treatment group had significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression of ROCK, SRF, and α-SMA and protein expression of type I and type III collagen at the same time point (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ac-SDKP can inhibit the differentiation of pulmonary fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and the synthesis of collagen in rats by regulating the ROCK pathway mediated by TGF-β1. That may be one of the mechanisms by which Ac-SDKP acts against (silicotic) pulmonary fibrosis.</p>

Regulating effect of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline on activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase pathway in rats with silicosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the regulatory effect of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP) on the activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signal transduction pathway and its role in silicotic fibrosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A rat model of silicosis was developed by intratracheal instillation. Sixty rats were randomly divided into 4-week control group (n = 10), 8-week control group (n = 10), 4-week silicosis model group (n = 10), 8-week silicosis model group (n = 10), AcSDKP treatment group (n = 10), and AcSDKP prevention group (n = 10). The content of hydroxyproline in lung tissue was measured using a p-dimethylaminoben-zaldehyde reagent; the expression levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 (TGF-β1), phospho-JNK, JNK, and c-jun in lung tissue were measured by Western blot. The lung fibroblasts from neonatal rats were cultured, and the 4th generation of cells were used in the experiment; these cells were divided into control group, TGF-β1 stimulation group, SP600125 intervention group, and AcSDKP intervention group. The distributions of phospho-JNK and c-jun in lung fibroblasts were observed by immunocytochemistry; the expression levels of type I collagen and type III collagen in lung fibroblasts were measured by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression levels of TGF-β1, phospho-JNK, and c-jun and the content of hydroxyproline in the AcSDKP treatment group were 70.60%, 78.03%, 79.85%, and 71.28%, respectively, of those in the 4-week silicosis model group (P < 0.05) and 77.99%, 66.73%, 69.94%, and 64.82%, respectively, of those in the 8-week silicosis model group (P < 0.05); the expression levels of TGF-β1, phospho-JNK, and c-jun and the content of hydroxyproline in the AcSDKP prevention group were 84.56%, 61.18%, 64.73%, and 74.96%, respectively, of those in the 8-week silicosis model group (P < 0.05). The expression levels of phospho-JNK and c-jun in the AcSDKP intervention group were 54.59% and 55.56%, respectively, of those in the TGF-β1 stimulation group; the expression levels of type I collagen and type III collagen in the AcSDKP intervention group were 79.9% and 84.4%, respectively, of those in the TGF-β1 stimulation group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AcSDKP exerts anti-silicotic fibrosis effect probably by inhibiting the activation of JNK signal transduction pathway mediated by TGF-β1 and the deposition of interstitial collagen.</p>

Prenatal diagnosis of a case with X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze TRAPPC2 gene mutation in a family with X-linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda and to provide genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All of 4 exons of the TRAPPC2 gene and their flanking sequences in the proband and her father were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing. Genomic DNA of the probands' fetus was extracted from amniotic fluid sampled at 18th gestational week. Gender of the fetus was determined by the presence of SRY gene. The sequence of fetal TRAPPC2 gene was also analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A c.209G>A mutation was identified in exon 4 of the TRAPPC2 gene in the proband and her father. The fetus of was determined to be a male and also have carried the c.209G>A mutation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A c.209G>A mutation of TRAPPC2 exon 4 probably underlies the clinical manifestations in this family. The proband is a carrier, and her fetus is a male carrying the same mutation. Prenatal diagnosis is an effective method for the prevention of the disease.</p>

Effect of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline on regulation of expression of ras-raf-ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway in lung of rats with silicosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>to investigate the effect of N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (AcSDKP) on the expressions of c-Raf, ERK1/2 and TGF-β1 in the lung of rats with silicosis, thus to investigate the regulating of AcSDKP on the Ras-Raf-ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>rats were instilled with silica through trachea as silicotic models and administered AcSDKP in the experiment. Rats were divided into 6 groups randomly, 10 rats in each group: Control 1 and 2 of silicotic model: each rat was intratracheally instilled with 1.0 ml normal sodium and was killed after 4 or 8 weeks; Silicotic model 1 and Silicotic model 2: each rat was intratracheally instilled with 1ml silica suspension and was killed after 4 or 8 weeks; Anti-fibrosis treatment of AcSDKP: after each rat was intratracheally instilled with 1ml silica suspension for 4 weeks, AcSDKP 800 microg × kg(-1) × d(-1) was administered into every rat and rats were killed at the eighth week; Preventing fibrosis treatment of AcSDKP: after AcSDKP 800 microg × kg(-1) × d(-1) was administered into every rat for 48 hours, each rat was intratracheally instilled with 1.0 ml silica suspension and rats were killed at the eighth week. The expression of c-Raf, phospho-c-Raf, ERK1/2, phospho-ERK1/2 and TGF-β1 was measured by immunohistochemistry and western blot assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>compared with the corresponding control groups, the expressions of phospho-c-Raf, phospho-ERK1/2 and TGF-β1 increased in the lung tissue of the silicotic models. Compared with the corresponding model groups, after administration AcSDKP, the expressions of phospho-c-Raf, phospho-ERK1/2 and TGF-β1 in the lung tissue reduced obviously. In anti-fibrosis treatment of AcSDKP group, expressions of phospho-c-Raf, phospho-ERK1/2 and TGF-β1 decreased to 52.25%, 51.72% and 67.74% compared with those of the silicotic model 1, and expressions of phospho-c-Raf, phospho-ERK1/2 and TGF-β1 decreased to 49.37%, 55.76%, 65.63% compared with those of the silicotic model 2; In preventing fibrosis treatment of AcSDKP group, expressions of phospho-c-Raf, phospho-ERK1/2 and TGF-β1 decreased to 54.64%, 55.76% and 78.91% compared with those of the silicotic model 2 (P < 0.05) while the expressions of c-Raf and ERK1/2 were not different significantly among each groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AcSDKP possibly plays an important role in anti-silicotic fibrosis by blocking the TGF-β-induced Ras-Raf-ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway.</p>

Application of Aidi injection (艾迪注射液) in the bronchial artery infused neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III A non-small cell lung cancer before surgical operation / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Aidi Injection (艾迪注射液,ADI) applied in the bronchial artery, applied in the bronchial artery infused (BAI) neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III A non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before surgical operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 60 patients with NSCLC stage III A underwent two courses BAI chemotherapy before tumor incision were assigned to two groups, the treatment and the control groups, using a random number table, 30 in each group. ADI (100 mL) was given to the patients in the treatment group by adding into 500 mL of 5% glucose injection for intravenous dripping once daily, starting from 3 days before each course of chemotherapy, and it lasted for 14 successive days, so a total of 28 days of administration was completed. The therapeutic effectiveness and the adverse reaction that occurred were observed, and the levels of T-lymphocyte subsets, natural killer cell activity, and interleukin-2 in peripheral blood were measured before and after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The effective rate in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group (70.0% vs. 56.7%, P<0.05). Moreover, as compared with the control group, the adverse reaction that occurred in the treatment group was less and mild, especially in terms of bone marrow suppression and liver function damage (P<0.05). Cellular immune function was suppressed in NSCLC patients, but after treatment, it ameliorated significantly in the treatment group, showing significant difference as compared with that in the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ADI was an ideal auxiliary drug for the patients in stage III A NSCLC received BAI neo-chemotherapy before surgical operation; it could enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy, ameliorate the adverse reaction and elevate patients' cellular immune function; therefore, it is worthy for spreading in clinical practice.</p>

Analysis on the risk factors of maternal weight for fetal macrosomia / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between maternal weight gain and the increasing speed of weight in different pregnant terms and macrosomia.In order to reasonably manage pregnancy and decrease the morbidity of maerosomia.Methods 106 newborns whose birth weights were equal to or greater than 4000 g were specified as macrosomia,while 106 newborn with birth weights lying in 2500-3999 g were under the control group.A case-control study was conducted to compare the corresponding factors such as maternal BMI.weight before pregnancy and the change of weight during pregnancy respectively.Results Indicated by both simple and multiple unconditional logistic regression analysis,the cause of fetal macrosomia Was mainly associated with the factors including the maternal weight before pregnancy(OR=2.204,95％CI:1.377-3.529),matemal weight gain in 12-pregnant weeks(kgper week)(OR=1.961,95％CI:1.204-3.194),maternal weight gain in 20-gestation weeks(kg perweek)(OR=1.811,95％CI:1.078-3.041),maternal weight gain in 30-pregnant weeks(kg per week)(OR=1.858,95％CJ:1.095-3.153)and virile newborn(OR=2.630,95％CJ:1.420.4.850.When in 30-pregnant weeks.the pregnant women with 0.5-1.0 kg weight gain per week had 1.13 fold risks comparing to those whose weight gains were lexq than 0.5 kg per week.Conclusion Maternal weight before pregnancy,weight gain during pregnancy and fetal sex appeared a closer relation to macrosomia.It is necessary to monitor the change of maternal weight during different pregnancy periods,especially for the 30th-pregnant weeks.

Roles of TRESK, a novel two-pore domain K+ channel, in pain pathway and general anesthesia / 神经科学通报·英文版

TRESK is the most recently reported two-pore domain K+ channel, and different from other two-pore domain channels in gene, molecular structure, electrophysiological and pharmacological properties. Although the current knowledge of this potassium channel is inadequate, researches have demonstrated that TRESK is remarkablely linked to acute and chronic pain by activation of calcineurin. The fact that TRESK is sensitive to volatile anesthetics and localization in central nerve system implies that TRESK may play a very important role in the mechanism mediating general anesthesia. The further research of TRESK may contribute to explore the underlying mechanism of some pathological conditions and yield novel treatments for some diseases.

Prenatal diagnosis and treatment of fetal choroid plexus cysts / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To discuss the clinical management and significance of the prenatal diagnosis of Fetal Choroid Plexus Cysts(CPC).Methods From May 2004 to March 2007,55 cases of fetal CPC diagnosed by B-ultrasound during second trimester were prospectively studied.Each case was studied regarding fetal chromosome karyotype,disappearance weeks of the cyst,the clinical outcome and follow-up results respectively.Result The cases were diagnosed during 16-25 gestational weeks.The diameters of the cysts varied from 0.2 cm to 2.4 cm.There were 25 cases of bilateral cysts and 30 cases of unilateral or 50 cases of isolated CPC and 5 cases of complicated CPC.The cysts of all cases who continued pregnancy disappeared before 28 weeks.Fetal chromosome karyotypes were obtained in 50 cases.Among them,two cases were 18-trisomy,and one case was 21-trisomy.Five cases were terminated pregnancy because of abnormal chromosome karyotype or malformation during second trimester.One neonate was diagnosed as ventricular septal defect among 50 cases of follow up.Among these six cases,three were from advanced-age pregnant women,five cases were with abnormal fetal structure and five cases were with the diameter of bilateral or unilateral cysts more than 1.0 cm.Conclusion(1)Fetal CPC can be diagnosed during second trimester,and the majority disappear before 28 gestational weeks.(2)High risk factors for fetal abnormal chromosome karyotype may be:advanced-age pregnant women,abnormal structure of fetus,and the diameter of bilateral or unilateral cyst more than 1.0 cm.It is suggested that fetal CPC with the high risks should receive fetal chromosome karyotype test during pregnancy.